ABSTRACT
In New Zealand rabbits a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (STZ 65 mg/kg) elevated the levels of blood sugar to 340 mg percent, which was associated with glycolysis, ureamia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and loss of body weight. Oral administration of jambolan seed (1 g/kg) in casein diet significantly lowered the elevated postmeal (1 1/2 hr after) values of blood sugar, cholesterol, FFA and triglyceride down to levels comparable to phenformin. Jambolan seed treatment failed to check ureamia. Weight loss was checked by phenformin and jambolan seed but the gain was not equivalent to that recorded in nondiabetic control. Like phenformin, jambolan seed too failed to control glycogenolysis in STZ-induced diabetes.
Subject(s)
Animals , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Body Weight/drug effects , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood , Diet , Lipids/blood , Male , Phenformin/pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal , Rabbits , Urea/bloodABSTRACT
Acephate, an organophosphorus insecticide (60 mg/day/rat) disturbed the carbohydrate metabolism in albino rats (wt. between 100-150 gms). Changes in the enzyme activities in the liver were estimated in the rats after oral administration of Acephate. The specific activities of succinic dehydrogenase was decreased in experimental rats than control. A gradual decrease in blood and liver glutathione was also observed. Increase in total lactate dehydrogenase was also noted. It has been observed that in the liver homogenate of treated rats, the isoenzymes LDH4+5 were increased, LDH1+2 were decreased while LDH3 remain unchanged with respect to control value.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Glutathione/analysis , Insecticides/poisoning , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/analysis , Liver/drug effects , Male , Organothiophosphorus Compounds/poisoning , Rats , Succinate Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitorsABSTRACT
Effect of Acephate, an organophosphorus insecticide, on tissue levels of thiamine, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, glycogen and blood sugar, has been studied. The albino rats, injected subcutaneously with Acephate (25 mg/10 gm body wt./day) for 4 weeks and 8 weeks, showed appreciable depletion of thiamine in liver, heart, kidney, brain and blood. The depletion of thiamine was found to be more after 8 weeks of Acephate injection. There was concomitant increase in pyruvic acid and lactic acid in various tissues. There was enormous depletion of glycogen in liver and slight rise in blood sugar concentration. The animals injected thiamine (120 micrograms/100 gm body wt./day) along with Acephate, showed more or less normal levels of thiamine, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, liver glycogen and blood sugar. The increase in pyruvic acid and lactic acid in tissues has been attributed to depletion of thiamine which is required of pyruvic acid oxidation. The increase in blood sugar has been attributed to the excess breakdown of glycogen.